Why Is It Difficult for People With a Substance Use Disorder to Stop Using a Substance?
Have you ever wondered why it is so difficult for people with a substance use disorder to stop using substances despite the harmful consequences? The struggle to quit might seem perplexing and frustrating to someone who has never experienced addiction, but numerous factors contribute to this challenge. Knowing about these factors is essential for offering the necessary support and empathy to those affected.
Withdrawal symptoms, changes in brain chemistry, mental health issues, and environmental factors all play significant roles in making it hard to overcome addiction. By bringing attention to these challenges, we can enhance our support for individuals as they recover.
What Is Substance Use Disorder?
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a complex condition where the recurrent use of alcohol, recreational drugs, or other substances leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. SUD is also considered a brain disorder, as it involves changes to brain functions and circuits that affect self-control, decision-making, and emotions.
According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, people start using drugs for various reasons, including:
To Feel Good. They enjoy the pleasure or "high" that drugs provide.
To Feel Better. They want to relieve stress, forget their problems, or feel numb.
To Do Better. They believe drugs can improve their performance or thinking.
Curiosity and Peer Pressure. They experiment due to curiosity or influence from friends.
Signs of SUD
An intense focus on obtaining and using the substance
Increased tolerance for the substance
Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not using
Neglecting responsibilities in daily life
Continuing to use despite awareness of negative consequences
Engaging in risky behaviors, such as driving under the influence
Changes in behavior, mood, and physical appearance
Why Is It Hard for People With SUD to Quit?
Brain Chemistry and Functions
Prolonged and severe substance use alters brain chemistry, particularly in the reward center. Substances trigger surges of dopamine, a chemical messenger that creates feelings of pleasure and intense focus. Over time, the brain becomes reliant on these surges, making it difficult to experience pleasure without the substance.
Withdrawal Symptoms
Withdrawal symptoms can be intensely uncomfortable and even dangerous. Symptoms of withdrawal can range from mild (anxiety, irritability) to severe (seizures, hallucinations), making the cessation process challenging.
Psychological and Mental Health Disorders
Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder often co-occur with SUD. These comorbid psychiatric disorders can exacerbate the struggle to quit substances, as individuals may use substances as a coping mechanism.
Environmental Factors
Environmental risk factors, including economic status, social circles, and events during childhood, can significantly impact substance misuse. The influence of drugs within one's environment can make avoiding substance use incredibly challenging. Accessibility to legal substances, like alcohol and prescription drugs, also plays a role.
Genetic Factors
Genes also influence SUD risk. A family history, like having a first-degree relative with SUD, increases the likelihood of developing similar issues. Genetic predisposition can affect how individuals experience and metabolize substances, making some more susceptible to addiction.
Why Is There a Need to Address SUD?
Complications of Substance Use. Prolonged substance use results in numerous physical health issues, such as heart disease and infectious diseases. Mental health also suffers, impacting overall quality of life.
Legal Consequences and Economic Impact. Substance misuse can lead to legal troubles, job loss, and financial instability. The economic burden on healthcare systems and social services is substantial, making prevention and treatment essential.
Social and Emotional Harm. Substance misuse impacts relationships, leading to feelings of shame, guilt, and emotional distress for both the user and their loved ones. It is also associated with behaviors that can lead to social isolation and mental health decline.
How Is SUD Treated?
Medical Interventions
Medication can manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings. Healthcare providers may prescribe medications like opioid painkillers for opioid use disorder or other specific drugs based on the substance involved.
Behavioral Therapies
Psychotherapy and behavioral therapies are essential in addressing the psychological and behavioral aspects of SUD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in modifying harmful thought patterns and promoting healthy coping mechanisms.
Support Groups and Programs
Participating in group therapies such as the 12-Step Program or other self-help programs provides peer support and shared experiences, which are invaluable for sustained recovery.
Comprehensive Treatment Programs
Inpatient or residential treatment programs offer structured environments that eliminate access to substances and provide intensive support through a combination of medical care, counseling, and recreational activities that promote healthy behaviors.
Outpatient Treatment
Outpatient treatment programs provide flexibility for individuals who need to continue with daily responsibilities such as work or family commitments. These programs offer a mix of medical care, therapy sessions, and support groups, allowing patients to receive treatment while living at home.
How Can You Help Someone With This Disorder?
Educate Yourself. Knowing the nature of SUD and recognizing it as a chronic disease helps in providing better support.
Show Empathy and Support. Offer emotional support and avoid judgment. Understand that feelings of shame and guilt often accompany SUD, and a non-judgmental approach can make a significant difference.
Encourage Professional Help. Urge the individual to seek help from a mental health professional, drug counselor, or licensed addiction treatment facility. Professional guidance is critical for effective treatment and recovery.
Participate in Their Recovery Process. Support your loved one by participating in their treatment and recovery activities. Attend therapy sessions, support meetings, or engage in healthy recreational activities together.
Create a Safe and Supportive Environment. Reduce exposure to triggers by creating a substance-free environment. Encouraging healthy coping skills and behaviors can help maintain focus on recovery.
Harbor Care Is Here to Help: Reach Out Today for Substance Use Treatment
Substance use disorder is a complicated issue that affects many parts of a person's life. However, with the right knowledge, care, and professional help, recovery is possible. Focusing on both the physical and emotional sides of the disorder can greatly enhance a person's quality of life.
If you or someone you care about is struggling with substance use, don’t wait to seek help. Call Harbor Care to learn more about our comprehensive treatment programs and resources and take the first essential step toward a healthier, substance-free life. Your journey to recovery begins here.